Compasses.



- Witnesses c. F. GOLDEN COMPASSES.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 5.1916.

1,188,644. Patel lt ed June 27, 1916.

Y Inventor Att'orneys UNITED srarns PA'rENToFFroE.

CHARLES FREMONT GOLDEN, OF CHILI, INDIANA.

coMrAssE s.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 27,1916.

Application filed January 5,1916. Serial No. 70,495.

To 'aZZ whom z't-may concern Be it known that 1, CHARLES FREMONT .GoLDEN, a citizen of the United States, re-

penters, machinists, mariners and other artisans in carrying out their respective occupations.

One of the objects of the invention is the provision of novel means for assembling the legs of the compass, and for setting them at various predetermined angles relative to one another.

Another object of the invention is the provision of a slide carried by one leg of the compass and carrying "a marking element, such asa point, pencil, punch, or the like, which can be adjusted to various distances from the pivot of the legs for striking arcs of variousradii, and whereby in connection with the angular adjustment of the legs, the marking element of said slide can be brought to various desired points of the circle scribed by the marking element.

With the foregoing and'other objects in view which will appear as the description proceeds, the invention resides in the. combination and arrangement of parts and in the details of construction hereinafter de scribed and claimed, it being understood that changes in. the precise embodiment "of the invention herein disclosed can be made within the scope of what is claimedwithout departing from the spirit of the invention. a

The invention'is illustrated in the accompanying drawing, wherein I Figure 1 is a plan View of the mstrument laid-horizontally. Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken on the line 22 of Fig 1, with the legs one above the other. Fig. 3 is a bottom plan view of the instrument with the legs one above the other, and partly broken away. Fig. 4 is a View of the inner side of one of the disks and a portion of its leg. Fig. 5 is an enlarged sectional detail taken on the line 55 of Fig. 2. Fig. 6 is an enlarged sectional view through the slide, taken on the line 66 of Fig. 1. Fig. 7 is an enlarged sectional detail illustrating the marking element holder carried by the end of one leg. Fig. 8 is an enlarged cross sec tion taken on the line 8-8 of Fig. 7.

In carrying out the invention, there is provided a pair of parallel companion disks 1 and v2, the disk 2 being of smaller diameter than the diskland being concentric therewith. The disks 1 and 2 are provided with the respective radially projecting legs :3 and 4: of the compass, a detachable marking element 5 being carried by the end of the leg 3, as Will hereinafter more fully appear in detail, and the end of the leg 4 bemg pointed, as at 6. The leg 4 is graduated, as at 7, in inches, or other unitsof linear measurement, whereby said leg 4 can be used as a ruler and straight edge. The leg 3. is provided with a longitudinal slot 8, and is graduated, as at 9, in inches, or other unit of linear measurement, extending from or having the zero point at the pivot of the disks. 4

In order to pivotally connect the disks 1 and 2, the disk 1 is provided with a central aperture 10 and with an-enlarged'recess 11 at the outer end of said aperture, "and the disk 2 is provided with a central aperture- 12 and an enlarged recess 13 at the outer end of said aperture. A cylindrical pivot 14 fitswithin the aperture 10 and has an outstand- 'ing annular flange 15 seated in the recess 11,

and the pivot 14 is provided with a square boss 16 fitting in the square aperture 12,

outstanding threaded stem 17 and said boss is in turn provided with an A washer 18 is. disposed on the stem 17 and has a I and washer 18. Said washer normally seats within the recess 13. The 'pivot 14 is provided with points 21 at its ends.

By removing the nut 20 and washer 18 from the pivot, the disk 2 can be removed from the pivot, and the washer 18 can then e be reapplied to the pivot so that the square boss 16 of the pivot is received in the socket 19, and the nut 20 can then be reapplied to the stem 21 which will-hold the washer 18 against the disk The pivot is now held fast to the disk 1. It is thus possible to use the same pivot for pivotally connecting the disks 1 and 2, or for serving as a pivot for the disk 1 alone.

Means is provided for adjusting the legs angularly relative to oneanother, said.

mean serving to rotate the disks '1 and 2 relative to one another, and to this end the disk 2 is provided diametrically opposite its leg 4 -with an outstanding arm'22 pro- -.vided with a radial bore 23'extending' from 1 the end thereof to a rectangular opening 24 1 with an" opening 29, adjacent the reduced portion 28, and in which is fitted a piece 30 having a curved surface fitting the reduced portion 28 between the shoulders formed thereby, to prevent the longitudinal movement of the'stem 25 unless the piece'30 is removed. The piece 30 is held in place by a set screw 31 threaded into the arm 22 and impinging against the piece 30, as seen in Fig. 5. The inner side of the disk 1 is provided with a central boss.32 surrounding the aperture 10 and resting against the disk 2, and said silk; of the disk is provided with an annular series of radial-gear teeth 33 with which the pinion 2'7 meshes, in order that when the stpni 25 is rotated through the medium of the knob 26, the disks 1 and 2 will be rotated relative to-one another to set the legs at the desired angle with respect to one another.

The basal end of the leg 4 is provided with a lug 34 against which the,,marginal portion .of the disk 1 rests, to hold the disks against vibration relative to one another, and the outer side of the disk 1 is provided around its margin with a protractor scale or graduations'35, while the corresponding side of the arm 22 is provided with apointer '36 coiiperable with said scale to indicate the an 1e between the le s.

order to detac ably and adjustably shaped key 42 is fitted in the slot 41, and a collar 43 is threaded upon the holder. 38

and has a reduced outer extension 44 surrounding the extension 39 and provided with a tapered bore 45. When the collar '43 is screwed onto the holder 38, the extension 44 thereof bears against the key 42,

and forces said key .inwardly due to the longitudinal movement of the collar 43 and theengagement of the taperedbore 45 with the wedge-shaped key 42. The .marking element 5'-i s thus clamped within the bore marking element can be adjusted or .removed and replaced.

A slide 46 isslid'able upon the slotted leg 3, and is provided with an opening 47 exposing the graduations 9 therethrough, and a pointer 48 projecting into said opening to coeperate with said graduations for indicating the position of the slide relative to the leg 3, or the distance of the slide from the pivot 14. In order to hold the slide at any adjusted position to which it is set, the same is provided with a recess 49 facing one edge of the leg 3, and -a clamping element 50 is fitted within the recess 49 and has swiveled thereto a set screw 51 threaded into the slide 46, whereby said screw can be rotated for binding or releasing the slide. -The slide 46 is provided at one side with the circular aperture 52 and at its opposite side with a square aperture 53, saidapertures being at opposite sides of the slot 8. A plate 54 is slidable within the slot 8 .and bears against that portion of the slide 46 having the aperture 52, and said plate 54 has a registering aperture 55. A marking element holder 38',some what similar to the holder 38 above described'is movable within the slide 46, and has the parts '39, 40', 41, 42, 43, 44, 45 and 5' resembling the corresponding parts of "the holder 38 not having their reference numerals primed. The extension 44 of the collar 43' is slidable-within the apertures 55 and 52, whereby the holder 38v can slide vertically or perpendicularly relative tothe leg 3, a coiled w1re expansion spring 56 being disposed "40, and when the collar 43 is loosened, said I within the slot 8 around the extension 44 and being confined between the plate 54'and collar 43 to yieldably raise or retract the marking element 5. A nut 60 fitting nonrotatably within the aperture 53 is threaded upon the holder 38', and the collar 43 is i seatable against that portion of the slide 46 having the aperture 53 to limit the upward movement of said holder. When the holder is rotated relative to the nut 60, it is adjusted relative thereto, to regulate the tension of the spring 56. The holder 38 has a stem 61 projecting therefrom out of the aperture 53, and upon which is freely ro tatable a finger piece 62 which can be grasped by the fingers for swinging the leg 3. The

.finger piece 62 is held in place by a nut or retaining element 63 engaged upon the stem 61, and the free end of said stem has a squared head 64, which is ordinarily protected by a cap 65 fitted thereon when the holder 38 is topped by a hammer or equivalent implement.

The inner end of the holder 38 is provided with a square socket 66, whereby when said holder 38 is removed, it can be used as a wrench to rotate the set screw 31, as well as the holder 38 when the cap 65 is re-' moved. By adjusting the holder 38, it is screwed within the nut 60, to either increase or decrease thetension of; the spring 56,

which ever is desired. V

The present implement can be used as a compass or dividers, as will be apparent without detailed description, it being noted that by rotating the knob 26, the legscan be readily adjusted to various angles relative to one another. larly useful in trigonometry for. obvious reasons, and can be used by mariners, (lraftsmen and'other artisans in following their pursuits.

pass when .laid upon the surface to be scribed, since .the piyot 14 will serve as a center while the disk 1 is rotated tocause the marking element 5 to scribe an are or circle. The two legs can be detached,-

gles relative to the leg 4,,so that themarking element 5 can-be brought to the 'desired points. Supposing it is desired to divide a circle into five equal parts, for purpose of drawing a five pointed star, or the like, this will necessitatethe points being 72 degrees apart (dividing 360 degrees by 5). Therefore, by holding the leg 4 at one point of the circle, the leg 3 can be adjusted to bring the pointer 36 to the" graduation 72 The instrument is particu- The leg 4 can be used as a ruler, and the device may be used-as a comthe five marks are made, it being noted that the slide 46 can be adjusted to various distances from the pivot, for dividing circles of various diameters. ment 5 can be a sharp pointed pin, a punch, a lead, or the like, whereby the device can be used in various arts. When the holder 38 is tapped by a hammer or like implement, this will not injure the instrument, since the holder 38 can yield downwardly for leaving the impression, and as soon as the pressure is relieved, the spring 56 will return the holder 38 to normal position by raising the collar 43 and nut 60.

From the foregoing, taken in connection with the drawing, it is believed that the advantages and attributes of the present instrument will be obvious to those skilled in the art.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new is:

1. In an instrument of the character described, a pair of pivotally connected disks scribed, a pair of pivotally connected disks having radial legs, a longitudinally adjustable slide carried by one leg, a marking element carried by said slide, the disk of said leg having gear teeth'at its inner side, a

pinion carried by the other disk and meshing with said teeth, means for manually rotating said pinion, and means for indicating the angle between said legs.

3. In an instrument of the character described, a, pair of pivotally connected disks having legs, one disk having a radial ar'm diametrically opposite its leg, said disk having an opening, said arm having a bore extending to said opening, a pinion fitting in said opening, a manually operable. stem journaled in said bore and engaged with said pinion, the inner sideeof the other disk having an annular series of gear teeth meshing with said pinion, the outer side of the second mentioned disk having a protector scale, and said arm having a pointer choperable with said scale.

4. In an instrument of the character described, a pair of disks having legs and central apertures, a pivot fitted in one aperture, a longitudinally movable marking element carried by the respective leg, the pivot having a square boss fitting in the other In testimony that I claim the foregoing aperture, said boss having an outstanding as my own, I have hereto aflixed my signa- 10: threaded stem, a Washer upon said stem and ture in the presence of two Witnesses.

said Washer having a square socket to re ceive said boss When said disk is removed, Witnesses:

and a nut threaded upon said stem to bear R. S. PLACE, against said Washer. C. F. FITE.

adapted to bear against the respective disk, CHARLES FREMONT GOLDEN. 

